Аннотация: Due to some algorithms and their fast implementation, background subtraction is becoming a very important step in many areas of computer vision and video surveillance systems that involve static cameras. There are a large number of reliable background subtraction algorithms in the literature, each of which attempts to outperform the others quantitatively and qualitatively. This competition can sometimes confuse the user of these kinds of processes and make it difficult to choose one of them. To overcome this problem, we will go over the background subtraction process below by defining it and examining the most commonly used background subtraction algorithms. We will then cover some of the post-processing techniques used to remove excess content resulting from video processing.