Аннотация: On the basis of the literature data, the features of studying the proteome of spore and vegetative forms of anthrax microbe are shown. The results of genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic studies of strains of Bacillus anthracis with a different complex of phenotypic and genetic characteristics are analyzed. Proteins and protein complexes, potentially specific for different phases of the life cycle of the anthrax microbe, have been identified.