According to Article 38 of the Family Code, divorce is carried out in court, and in cases provided for in Articles 42 and 43 of this Code, in the civil registry office. Consideration of a divorce case in Uzbekistan today includes a number of problematic issues that may arise in the process. Below the scientific article I will list some of them:

1. Divorce procedure: In Uzbekistan, divorce can be carried out either by agreement of the parties or through court proceedings^[1]. In case of litigation, the parties must provide their evidence for their claims and arguments in favor of divorce.
2. Distribution of property: During a divorce, the question of distribution of jointly acquired property remains, and it is one of the most problematic^[2]. In accordance with the legislation of Uzbekistan, jointly acquired property must be divided equally between spouses, unless they reach an agreement otherwise.
3. Definition of child custody: In the case of minor children, the issue of guardianship and the mode of communication with them becomes especially important today. The court makes a decision based on the interests and well-being of the children.
4. Alimony: In the event of a divorce, the court may also decide to award alimony for children or for one of the spouses, if necessary to provide for them.
5. Divorce Registration: Once a divorce decree has been rendered, it must be registered with the civil registry office to officially recognize the divorce.

Global problems of divorce today in the Republic of Uzbekistan?

Today, in Uzbekistan, as in many other countries, there are certain problems associated with divorce. Some of these global divorce problems in Uzbekistan include:

1. No awareness of the legal aspects of divorce: Many people in Uzbekistan are unaware of their rights and responsibilities in the event of a divorce, which can lead to improper resolution of disputes and improper distribution of property.
2. Lack of alternative methods of dispute resolution: Uzbekistan has not yet developed alternative methods of dispute resolution, such as mediation, which can lead to lengthy and complex litigation^[3].
3. Financial problems: Today, divorces bring ruinous financial difficulties or disadvantages for both parties, especially if one of the spouses is the main breadwinner of the family. Unresolved financial issues can lead to further disputes and conflicts^[4].
4. Impact on Children: Divorce can have a negative impact on children, causing them emotional or psychological problems. Lack of support and guidance from parents can exacerbate these problems^[5].
5. Social stigma: There is still a negative attitude towards divorce in Uzbek society, and divorced people may face social stigma and discrimination.

To address these problems, we need to conduct awareness campaigns about the rights and responsibilities of divorce, develop alternative dispute resolution methods, improve financial support for divorced spouses and provide psychological support for children, and combat social stigma and discrimination^[6].

When it comes to global problems of divorce in Uzbekistan, we can highlight the following shortcomings from practice:

1. Social stigma: In the Uzbek mentality, divorce is still considered an undesirable phenomenon, especially for women. But unfortunately, this can lead to social pressure and stigmatization of divorcing spouses^[7].
2. Limited rights of women: In some problematic cases, women may face restrictions on their rights in divorce, especially with regard to child custody, alimony, and distribution of property.
3. Length of Divorce Process: Divorce proceedings in Uzbekistan can be lengthy and complex, especially when spouses cannot reach an agreement regarding divorce, child custody, or division of property. Therefore, this may lead to additional stress and financial costs^[8].
4. Limited Access to Legal Aid: Some people may find limited access to legal assistance during divorce, especially when they cannot afford to find a professional lawyer. This may make it difficult to protect their rights and interests^[9].
5. Insufficient State Assistance: The State may not provide sufficient support and assistance in divorce cases, especially with regard to protecting the rights and interests of children^[10].

Have you ever wondered why there are many divorces in Uzbekistan?

As an argument for divorce, I will tell you my opinion, divorce in family court constantly pointed to the same problems: constant quarrels and misunderstandings, disagreements in the family stem from different kinds of characters and misunderstanding of each other in difficult situations, jealousy and distrust on the part of a husband towards his wife or distrust on the part of a wife towards her husband is a global problem in Uzbekistan today, and in connection with this in Uzbekistan, the problem of infidelity is the jealousy of partners, or childlessness. Sometimes labor migration influenced divorces, the husband went to work in Moscow, and there the wife was not aware that her husband was cheating on him with other women, even some women caught their husbands with videos or photos on the Internet when communicating with their wife, sometimes it happens on the contrary, when women go to work, they forget their husband and their children, which did not lead to an inferior family life^[11].

If we take the factors of divorce, then Russians consider financial factors to be a good reason for divorce; in the first place were financial factors — poverty and the impossibility of feeding one’s family: only 33% of respondents answered this question. And in second place was the lack of mutual understanding: only 15% answered this question. And in third place is the betrayal or jealousy of one of the spouses: only 14% answered this question.

Let’s now discuss what problems can arise during a divorce?

Divorce in court can be complicated by a dispute about children, division of common real estate, business or any other property^[12].

After a divorce, critical consequences can occur, for example, 1) a decrease in the birth rate; 2) deterioration of the conditions of family education; 3) decline in productive labor; 4) deterioration of health indicators; 5) increase in mortality; 6) increase in alcoholism; 7) increase in suicide attempts; 8) increased risk of mental illness.

According to Article 39 of the Family Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, it states that we need to take into account that the husband does not have the right, without the consent of his wife, to initiate proceedings for divorce during the wife’s pregnancy or within a year after the birth of the child.

According to the resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Republic, Uzbekistan dated July 20, 2011 No. 66 “On the practice of application by courts of legislation in cases of divorce,” paragraph 15 states that the court has the right, after postponing the hearing of the case, to assign a period of time to the spouses ranging from three to six months for reconciliation.

In the operative part of the scientific article, we need a conclusion, this is a law regulating the protection of the rights of spouses during divorce, but we believe that divorce is an undesirable phenomenon that primarily affects children. They experience future psychological trauma that profoundly changes their lives. I think that all possible measures need to be taken to ensure that there are fewer divorces.

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[2] Инаятова Н. Оилавий-ҳуқуқий жавобгарлик тушунчаси ва ўзига хос хусусиятлари //Обзор законодательства Узбекистана. – 2013. – №. 1. – С. 14-17.

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[5] Рашидов Ф. Т. ФУҚАРОЛИК ЖАМИЯТИ ИНСТИТУТЛАРИ ФАОЛИЯТИНИ ТАКОМИЛЛАШТИРИШДА ОИЛА ИНСТИТУТИНИНГ ЎРНИ ВА РОЛИ //Educational Research in Universal Sciences. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. 6. – С. 8-13.

[6] Ibratova F. B. et al. Special features of modern legal systems: cases and collisions. – 2017.

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[10] Усмонов В. ОИЛА ИНСТИТУТИНИ РИВОЖЛАНТИРИШНИНГ ҲУҚУҚИЙ АСОСЛАРИ //Евразийский журнал права, финансов и прикладных наук. – 2023. – Т. 3. – №. 1. – С. 158-163.

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